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Journal of Psychopharmacology
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research-article

Cardiovascular variability during treatment with haloperidol, olanzapine or risperidone in recent-onset schizophrenia

RJ Hempel

Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

JHM Tulen

Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands j.h.m.tulen{at}erasmusmc.nl

NJM van Beveren

Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

CH Röder

Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

MW Hengeveld

Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of treatment with haloperidol, olanzapine and risperidone on cardiovascular variability in patients with recent-onset schizophrenia by means of spectral analysis. Unmedicated patients (n = 18) had a higher mean heart rate and a tendency for a lower high-frequency power of heart rate variability than healthy control subjects (n = 57), indicating a decreased cardiac vagal control in unmedicated patients with schizophrenia. Patients treated with haloperidol (n = 10) showed significantly lower low-frequency power of heart rate and systolic blood pressure variability compared with olanzapine-treated patients, suggesting that haloperidol attenuated sympathetic functioning. On the contrary, olanzapine-treated patients (n = 10) showed the highest power in the low-frequency range of heart rate and systolic blood pressure variability, suggesting an increased sympathetic cardiac functioning. No significant effects of risperidone (n = 13) were found. None of the antipsychotic agents differed in their parasympathetic cardiovascular effects. We conclude that young, unmedicated patients with schizophrenia differed from controls in their parasympathetic functioning, but the antipsychotic agents haloperidol, risperidone and olanzapine induced only minor cardiovascular side effects.

Key Words: antipsychotics • autonomic nervous system • baroreflex sensitivity • cardiovascular functioning • heart rate variability • schizophrenia • spectral analysis

This version was published on August 1, 2009

Journal of Psychopharmacology, Vol. 23, No. 6, 697-707 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/0269881108091254
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