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Reorganization of the composition of brain oscillations and their temporal characteristics during opioid withdrawal

BM-SCIENCE - Brain and Mind Technologies Research Centre, Espoo, Finland and BioMag Laboratory and Pain Clinic, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital; and Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, alexander.fingelkurts{at}bm-science.com

S. Kähkönen

BioMag Laboratory and Pain Clinic, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital; and Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

AnA Fingelkurts

BM-SCIENCE — Brain and Mind Technologies Research Centre, Espoo, Finland and BioMag Laboratory and Pain Clinic, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital; and Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

R. Kivisaari

Helsinki Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

S. Borisov

Center for Functional and Molecular Imaging, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, USA

V. Puuskari

Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

O. Jokela

Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

T. Autti

Helsinki Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

Majority of the opioid-dependence and withdrawal studies are dominated with many inconsistencies and contradictions. One of the reasons for such inconsistencies may be methodological while performing EEG analysis. To overcome methodological limitations, in the present study we examined the composition of electroencephalographic (EEG) brain oscillations in broad frequency band (0.5—30 Hz) in 13 withdrawal opioid-dependent patients and 14 healthy subjects during resting condition (closed eyes). The exact compositions of brain oscillations and their temporal behaviour were assessed by the probability-classification analysis of short-term EEG spectral patterns (SPs). It was reported that early withdrawal had a generalized effect: the activity in all EEG channels was affected nearly equally. EEG of withdrawal patients was characterized by (a) different dominant SP types (had unique SP types which describe β-frequency band), (b) increased number of SP types observed in each EEG channel, (c) a larger percentage of ₂-, β- and poly-rhythmic activity, and by a smaller percentage of -, - and ₁-rhythmic activity, (d) predominantly right-sided asymmetry and (e) longer periods of temporal stabilization for - and β-brain oscillations and by shorter periods of temporal stabilization for -activity when compared with control subjects. When taken together, these findings suggest a considerable reorganization of composition of brain oscillations, which reflects a disorganization process and an allostatic state with neuronal activation in EEG of opioid withdrawal patients.

Key Words: electroencephalogram (EEG) • multiple brain oscillations • probability-classification analysis • opioid dependence • opioid withdrawal • short-term spectral patterns

Journal of Psychopharmacology, Vol. 22, No. 3, 270-284 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/0269881108089810


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