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Journal of Psychopharmacology
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Do Zopiclone, Zolpidem and Flunitrazepam have Residual Effects on Simulated Task of Collision Anticipation?

C. Berthelon

Institut National de Recherche Sur les Transports et Leur Sécurité (INRETS), Département Mécanismes d'Accidents, Salon de Provence, France, catherine.berthelon{at}inrets.fr

M. L. Bocca

Université Paris XI-Orsay, Division STAPS, Orsay, France

P. Denise

Laboratoire de Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Caen, France

A. Pottier

Institut National de Recherche Sur Les Transports et Leur Sécurité (INRETS), Laboratoire de Psychologie de la Conduite, Arcueil, France

Few studies have addressed the modifications in visual information processing brought about by taking hypnotic substances. The present experiment with healthy subjects investigated the residual effects of taking a single night-time dose of hypnotics on collision anticipation capacities the next morning. Visual sequences simulated the movement of a driver approaching an intersection where another vehicle was arriving. Ten participants had to estimate, as quickly as possible, whether the other vehicle would arrive before or after them at the intersection. They were tested after having taken a capsule of zolpidem (10 mg), zopiclone (7.5 mg), flunitrazepam (1 mg) or a placebo. The results show no residual effects of the molecules. Only flunitrazepam, a benzodiazepine with a long half-life, appears to cause subjects to focus their attention on an element which, while relevant for the task (a road sign playing the role of a spatial reference), is not used correctly.

Key Words: anticipation of collision • driving • flunitrazepam • residual effect • zopiclone • zolpidem

Journal of Psychopharmacology, Vol. 17, No. 3, 324-331 (2003)
DOI: 10.1177/02698811030173015
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