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effects of d-amphetamine and haloperidol on latent inhibition in healthy male volunteers

Section of Cognitive Psychopharmacology, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF,UK v.kumari{at}iop.kcl.ac.ku

Paul A. Cotter

Owen F. Mulligan

Stuart A. Checkley

Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK

Nicola S. Gray

David R. Hemsley

Jasper C. Thornton

Philip J. Corr

Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK

Brian K. Toone

Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK

Jeffrey A. Gray

Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK

Latent inhibition (LI) refers to a retardation of learning about the consequences of a stimulus when that stimulus has been passively presented a number of times without reinforcement. Acute positive-symptom schizophrenics, normal volunteers who score high on questionnaire measures of schizotypy and non-patients or animals treated with dopamine agonists show reduced LI. Neuroleptic drugs, such as haloperidol, administered at low doses, potentiate LI and effectively reverse disruption of LI induced by dopamine agonists in animals. However, a high dose of haloperidol, administered on its own, has been found to reduce LI. We examined the effects on LI of acute oral administration of an indirect dopamine-agonist, d-amphetamine (5 mg), and a nonselective dopamine receptor antagonist, haloperidol (5 mg), in normal male volunteers, using an associative learning task. Replicating previous reports, we found that d-amphetamine reduced LI; haloperidol also reduced LI, but only in subjects who scored low on the Psychoticism scale of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. In a subsequent study, no effect was found of 2 mg oral haloperidol administration on LI. The effect of 5 mg haloperidol on LI is interpreted as similar to that observed with a high dose of haloperidol in rats.

Key Words: d-amphetamine • dopamine • haloperidol • latent inhibition • psychoticism • schizophrenia

Journal of Psychopharmacology, Vol. 13, No. 4, 398-405 (1999)
DOI: 10.1177/026988119901300411


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